Yes, but then if you do this, don't expect it to work elsewhere.  ;-)
Why would you use absolute URLs?  Bad author, bad!  Ok, maybe you would
use them for a standard DTD. ;-)  (This is where I beat the URN drum)
<SGMLRANT type='mild'>
In the SGML world, I could come up with a scheme that made location
orthogonal to my documents.  I *never* put a system identifier in my
documents.  In XML, this is much harder.
</SGMLRANT>
<URNRANT>
Now, if URN support was *standard*, I could at least put a URN in the
place of every system identifier I needed and then my document is
quite portable.  The key phrase here is *standard*.
</URNRANT>
Of course, we could also fix public identifiers and forget about the
URN stuff.   ...but, then we would have to come up with 
yet-another-resolution-mechanism... which sounds too much like URNs.
> Your other points (which I omitted above) are well taken -- public
> identifiers are a bit of a muddle right now, but since they're in XML
> 1.0, it makes sense to support them.  The interface is not only for
> public identifiers, however -- users can also remote URIs to
> local/secure equivalents, and they can even screen out certain URIs if
> necessary.  I'd better copyright "XML-Nanny" before someone else
> thinks of it.
Well, a further point I was making off-line is that this kind
of mapping could be lead people down the wrong road.  I have run into
so many SGML users over the years that didn't know how to or *couldn't* use
public identifiers without system identifiers.  In an SGML world, I see this
as bad practice.  Likewise, I see mapping system identifiers in XML as bad
practice.
Two general rules I can recommend:
   1. Use an internal resolution system inside your production
      systems.  Locations will change even inside your own system.
   2. Use a fairly static naming system (URN/Public identifier) when
      you exchange documents.
One thing XML has over SGML is that it is tied more closely to a location
mechanism.  If you add in URN ability, there is no issue of "configuring"
you local system to know about mappings--you just do a URN lookup.
(Obviously, URNs can be miss-configured or not available.  Ever had
 problems on the Internet with DNS names?  Same idea, same problem, same
 frustration when it is wrong!)
==============================================================================
R. Alexander Milowski     http://www.copsol.com/   alex@copsol.com
Copernican Solutions Incorporated                  (612) 379 - 3608